Re David Thompson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Re David Thompson - Essay Example He was attended to by DI. He underwent to treatment to his right eye but was told that the operation was only partially unsuccessful. On August 12, he returned once more, but was again told that the operation was only partially successful. On August 19, he returned for treatment on his left eye, and this yielded completely satisfactory results. Additional treatment on his left eye was conducted on September 29. This operation was done both by DI and DB. It was during this visit that complications arose. Mr. David Johnson was informed that there was a problem as his cornea has been penetrated. In a subsequent examination by DI, he was told that his corneal flap had been damaged and that a corneal graft was probably necessary. He was referred to Dr. Singh (GS) at the Grafton Hospital in Oxford. 3. Mr. David Johnson has had several operations and procedures to correct the damage to the cornea, beginning with the stitching the damaged corneal flap on September 30, 2003 and culminating in a corneal graft on September 24, 2004. The sight on the right eye is still problematic. He is on the NHS waiting list to have a contact lens implant. After the operation at Eye Right, he experienced pain due to â€Å"dry† eye, reduced and disturbed sight and very poor night vision. Until the corneal graft, he could not drive. His vision was unbalanced as his left eye was normal. He became solely dependent on his family. He became prone to headaches and fatigue and was unable to work for 6 months, although he received sick leave pay. He has since returned to his job as librarian, earning 32,575 p.a. (net). He still requires constant application of eye lubricant to counteract the dry eye syndrome, I.e., one NHS prescription per month. He must wear special glasses costing 195.00 and dark glasses in the sun costing 105.00. 4. According to

Biology Research Paper on Brain Tumors Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Biology on Brain Tumors - Research Paper Example All types of brain tumors can be life threatening mainly because of their invasive nature in the minimal space of the intracranial cavity. Since the skull protects the brain well, early detection of brain tumor is not often possible. Therefore, detection of brain tumors generally happens only in advanced stages when its causes unrecovered damages in the brain; and this problem increases the severity of this disease. Brain tumors can damage brain in a number of ways. Usually, brain tumors shift the brain or press it against the skull and damage healthy brain tissues and nerves. Type of symptoms of brain tumors may be greatly influenced by the affected location as different parts of the brain have entirely different functions. It is less likely that brain tumors will spread to other organs outside the central nervous system. Head ache and nausea are some of the most common symptoms of brain tumors and the symptoms will be very severe in the morning. Seizures, difficulty in thinking or speaking, loss of balances, personality changes, paralysis in side of the body, troubles in vision, confusion, and memory loss constitute other major symptoms of brain tumors. As many of these symptoms may indicate other common medical problems, people would not consult doctor at initial stages and this situation adds to the fatality of brain tumors. Brain tumors are of two types including primary brain tumor and secondary (metastatic) brain tumor. The major difference between these two is that the primary brain tumor is developed in the brain itself whereas the metastatic brain tumor is initiated as a cancer in another body part. In common cases, primary brain tumor will not spread to other parts of the body. According to pathologists (qtd in National Brain Tumor Society, 2011), primary brain tumor can be grouped into two categories such as glial tumors and nonglial tumors. Glial tumors are composed of glial cells, which contain astrocytes, Schwann cells, microglia, oligodendrocyte s, and ependymal cells. The nonglial tumors originate in brain structures including glands, nerves, and blood vessels. In contrast, in case of secondary brain tumors, some of the cancer cells reach the brain through blood or from the adjacent tissue. Clinical practitioners note that secondary brain tumors are the most common type of brain tumors (National Brain Tumor Society, 2011). How it affects the body? To a great extent, impacts of brain tumor on the body depend on a number of factors such as its type, location, and involved area of brain. Once the human brain develops brain tumor, the tumor cells may mutate and grow and thereby damage other parts of the brain. Clinical practitioners claim that brain tumors will cause troubles to hearing or speech gradually. In advanced stages, victims’ arms and legs may lose sensation and their other body functions may be seriously affected. Sometimes, brain tumors will cause additional damages to the brain because skull is solid and it cannot stretch as the tumor grows. Tumors developed in the area of basal ganglia cause issues like abnormal movements and abnormal body positioning. Patients’ attitude towards the disease is a major factor determining the effects of brain tumor